Background: Tenecteplase is non-inferior to alteplase for thrombolysis of patients with acute ischemic stroke. The recent TASTE-A trial demonstrated that for patients treated on the Melbourne Mobile Stroke Unit (MSU), tenecteplase reduced perfusion lesion volumes (compared to alteplase) post-administration on imaging on admission to hospital, but the long-term cost-effectiveness of this approach needs further investigation.
Aims: We seek to assess the cost-effectiveness of Tenecteplase compared to Alteplase in the MSU setting.
Methods: A within-trial (TASTE-A) economic analysis and a model-based long-term cost-effectiveness analysis were performed. This post-hoc within-trial economic analysis utilised the patient-level data (intention to treat, ITT) prospectively collected over the trial to calculate the difference in both healthcare costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs, estimated from 90-day modified Rankin scale score). A Markov microsimulation model was developed to simulate the long-term costs and benefits.
Results: In total, there were 104 patients with ischemic stroke randomised to tenecteplase (n=55) or alteplase (n=49) treatment groups. The ITT-based analysis showed that treatment with tenecteplase was associated with non-significantly lower costs [A$28,903 vs A$40,150 (p=0.056)] and greater benefits [0.171 vs 0.158 QALY (p=0.457)] than that for the alteplase group over the first 90 days post the index stroke. The long-term model showed that tenecteplase led to greater savings in costs (-A$18,610) and more health benefits (0.47 QALY or 0.31 LY gains). Tenecteplase-treated patients had reduced costs for rehospitalisation (-A$1,464), nursing home care (-A$16,767), and nonmedical care (-A$620) per patient.
Conclusion: Use of Tenecteplase in preference to Alteplase for pre-hospital thrombolysis in a MSU setting was cost-effective and improved long-term QALYs. The reduced total cost from Tenecteplase was driven by savings from acute hospitalisation and reduced need for nursing home care.