Background: Inflammation (best identified by persistently elevated highly sensitive C-reactive protein or hs-CRP) is a key driver of ischaemic stroke (IS) pathogenesis in both large and small- vessel stroke. Colchicine has been proven to reduce inflammation in vulnerable coronary plaques and reduce recurrent atherosclerotic events but there is little evidence of its benefit in IS secondary prevention. We hypothesise that addition of Colchicine to optimal medical therapy (OMT) in patients post-Stroke, who have biomarker evidence of persistent inflammation, will reduce recurrent cardiovascular events.
Aims: To assess the effect of Colchicine (0.5 mg/day) in addition to OMT on Cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in participants post IS/ transient ischemic attack (TIA) with persistent vascular inflammation.
Methods: Phase III, randomised (1:1), double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-centre superiority trial. 1500 adults with an IS event (defined as non-haemorrhagic, non-cardiac and non-fatal) without major disability (modified Rankin score [mRS] ≤3) OR clinical TIA with brain imaging evidence of acute infarction and hs-CRP ≥2mg/L at 4-52 weeks post-index event will be recruited, from 30 centres throughout Australia. A single-blind (unknown to the participant) ‘run-in phase’ of Colchicine 0.5mg tablet daily for 28 days precedes randomisation to long-term double-blind Colchicine 0.5mg or matched placebo tablets once daily with at least 36 months follow up and until the requisite total 420 CV events have accrued.
Results: The primary outcome is major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE); a composite of non-fatal stroke, Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), urgent unscheduled revascularisation and CV death. Secondary outcome measures include the individual components of MACE, health related quality of life and cost effectiveness measures.
Conclusion: This is the first RCT of low dose colchicine for secondary prevention in IS with persistent raised hs-CRP and is funded by the Australian MRFF.